Day 3 :
- Track 4: Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
Track 6: Smart Drug Delivery Systems
Session Introduction
Ruxana T Sadikot
Emory University School of Medicine, USA
Title: Nanomedicine for acute lung injury
Biography:
Sadikot has completed her MD from Bombay University, MRCP from London, United Kingdom and Pulmonary and Critical Care training form Vanderbilt University in Nashville, TN. She is a Professor of Medicine at the Emory University in Atlanta GA and is the Section Chief of Pulmoanry and Critical Care Medicine at the Atlanta VAMC. She has published more than 100 articles in peer reviewed journals and serves on the She serves on the editorial board of Clinical Respiratory Medicine, Biomedical Research International and Annals of American Thoracic Society.
Abstract:
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represent a heterogenous group of lung disease in critically ill patients. Despite the increased understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of ARDS, the mortality remains unacceptably high, ranging from 34% to 64%. Hence, ARDS represents an unmet medical need with an urgency to develop effective pharmacotherapies. Several promising targets that have been identified as potential therapies for ARDS have been limited because of difficulty with delivery. In recent years nanomedicine has become an attractive concept for the targeted delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic compounds to injured or inflamed organs. Nanoscale drug delivery systems have the ability to improve the pharmacokinetics and increase the biodistribution of therapeutic agents to target organs, thereby resulting in improved efficacy and reduced drug toxicity. We have developed novel long-acting biocompatible and biodegradable phospholipid micelles (size, approximately 15 nm) to inhibit triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) a key effector that contributes to the patiehogenesis of lung injury. Realizing short half-life of peptide drugs (minutes) hampers their clinical use, we invented micellar TREM-1 blocking peptide and glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36) amide (GLP-1) where each peptide drug is stabilized in its active form (alpha-helix) and its bioactivity is prolonged for hours in vivo. These long-acting micellar nanomedicines provide significant advancement in the treatment of experimental ALI which have the potential to be extended to treat patients with this devastating disease.
Arti R Thakkar
Eshelman School of Pharmacy, USA
Title: Pediatric Population a Miniature Adult – A Delusion?
Biography:
Arti R. Thakkar has completed her PhD from MS University of Baroda, India. She is a former visiting scholar, King’s College of London, UK and former postdoctoral research associate, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA and former coordinator, GLP approved drug testing laboratory, ISFAL, India. She has 12 years of research & teaching experience and she is an associate professor at Baddi University, India. She has published 35 research papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editor/reviewer of a reputed journal. She has one patent and a book chapter to her credit.
Abstract:
Pediatric population represents a changing and dynamic population due to the ontogenetic changes that occur during their development. As it has been observed that pediatrics does not deal with miniature adults, with reduced doses, but has its own independent range and horizon. So prescribing the medication for pediatric population is a unique challenge as their anatomy and physiology is completely different from adults. In particular, age-related changes in gastrointestinal (GI) physiology (transit time, pH, GI fluid composition, specifically bile salt concentrations) and in intestinal/hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes, as well as formulation parameters (dose volume, solubility) can contribute to differential absorption of orally administered drugs in children versus adults. For example, oral bioavailability of the potent antifungal lipophilic drug, voriconazole, in children (2-10 years) is almost half that in adults (45-65% versus 96%). The present study describes the facts and current scenario in formulation development aspects for pediatric populations and determining various factors responsible for variable bioavailability of pediatric medicaments in children. Absorptive transport of pediatric drugs was measured across intestinal tissue using Ussing-type diffusion chamber as a function of Fasted-State Simulated Intestinal Fluid (FaSSIF) with variable bile salt concentration. Dissolutions studies were determined of the model drugs as a function of volume and media with variable bile salt concentrations. It was found that dissolution and absorptive transport of model drugs has reduced rate of dissolution and variable absorptive transport. Thus, normalization of the adult dose may lead to poor and unsafe estimates of the pediatric dose.
Seth Pincus
Children’s Hospital and LSU School of Medicine,USA
Title: Development of anti-HIV double variable domain antibodies that bind both gp120 and gp41 on the envelope protein
Biography:
Seth Pincus received his M.D. from New York University. Following a Pediatrics residency at the University of Utah, he trained in the Immunology Branch of NCI. His first faculty appointment was at the University of Utah, followed by stints at the NIAID Rocky Mountain Labs, at Montana State University where he Chaired the Department of Microbiology, and from there to his current position in the Departments of Microbiology and Pediatrics, at LSU School of Medicine, New Orleans. He has published over 100 peer-reveiwed papers, textbook chapters, and invited articles. He has served on or chaired multiple NIH study sections and editorial boards
Abstract:
The HIV envelope protein (Env) is the sole virus protein expressed on the surface of virions and infected cells. Consequently, the development of anti-Env antibodies (Abs) for therapeutic applications is the subject of intense investigation. Anti-Env Abs can be used to neutralize cell-free virus and kill HIV-infected cells. After almost two decades with little progress, the introduction of recombinant DNA techniques has lead to a spate of highly effective and broadly reactive neutralizing Abs in the past ten years. HIV Env consists of two, non-covalently linked glycoproteins, the transmembrane anchor gp41, and the receptor-binding surface protein gp120. Neutralizing sites have been identified on both gp120 and gp41. Working with anti-HIV immunotoxins, we have also mapped the targets of these cytoxic agents. Interestingly, there was little correlation between neutralization and cell killing activities. In an effort to increase cytotoxic activity, we have made double variable domain (DVD) Abs that bind to structures on gp120 and gp41 that are the most effective targets for anti-HIV immunotoxins. Neither Ab, alone or in combination, neutralized HIV well. We were initially disappointed that the DVD’s offered no improvement in cytotoxicity over a mixture of the two Abs, but then bemused to discover that the DVDs were highly effective at neutralizing HIV infection. Activity was both broad and potent. I will discuss mechanisms whereby two weakly neutralizing Abs become more potent when combined into a single molecule.
Md. Zaidul Islam Sarker
International Islamic University, Malaysia
Title: Continuous micronization and particle formation of medicinal extracts using different techniques of supercritical anti-solvents
Biography:
Md. Zaidul Islam Sarker obtained his PhD degree from University Sains Malaysia and his specialization is in food, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sciences. He has an interest in developing nutritional foods through processing or isolation of natural products that can have pharmacological value. He has expertise in supercritical fluid extraction, marine food products, food processing and food properties, bioactive compounds, fats and oils, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulations and rheological properties with over 250 publications in ISI and Scopus indexed journals, patents, books, reports and presentation at international conferences in the area of food science and technology. Professor Sarker is one of the youngest professors in Malaysia who established several techniques and developed methods in the area of supercritical fluid extraction which are worldwide recognized by the researchers and highlighted in newspapers and international magazine/ press released. Professor Dr. Sarker was the winner of the American Chemical Society (ACS) Young Scientist Award at PACIFICHEM 2010 and is a winner of more than 20 medals including Gold, Silver and Bronz Medals as the main and a Co-inventor in exhibitions at the national and international levels including the Malaysia Technology Expo 2014 (MTE-2014) and International Invention, Innovation and Technology Exhibition (ITEX-2013). Professor Dr Sarker was awarded as an outstanding researcher at the university level in 2013 and 2014. His researches are well-cited (Google Scholar: above 2400, Scopus: above 1600) with high h-index (Google Scholar: 28, Scopus: 24).
Abstract:
Md. Zaidul Islam Sarker obtained his PhD degree from University Sains Malaysia and his specialization is in food, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical sciences. He has an interest in developing nutritional foods through processing or isolation of natural products that can have pharmacological value. He has expertise in supercritical fluid extraction, marine food products, food processing and food properties, bioactive compounds, fats and oils, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulations and rheological properties with over 250 publications in ISI and Scopus indexed journals, patents, books, reports and presentation at international conferences in the area of food science and technology. Professor Sarker is one of the youngest professors in Malaysia who established several techniques and developed methods in the area of supercritical fluid extraction which are worldwide recognized by the researchers and highlighted in newspapers and international magazine/ press released. Professor Dr. Sarker was the winner of the American Chemical Society (ACS) Young Scientist Award at PACIFICHEM 2010 and is a winner of more than 20 medals including Gold, Silver and Bronz Medals as the main and a Co-inventor in exhibitions at the national and international levels including the Malaysia Technology Expo 2014 (MTE-2014) and International Invention, Innovation and Technology Exhibition (ITEX-2013). Professor Dr Sarker was awarded as an outstanding researcher at the university level in 2013 and 2014. His researches are well-cited (Google Scholar: above 2400, Scopus: above 1600) with high h-index (Google Scholar: 28, Scopus: 24).
Biography:
El-Refaie Kenawy is distinguished Professor of polymer chemistry at University of Tanta, Egypt. He is the director of Chemisty Depatment. He is internationally recognized in the field of polymer chemistry. He is a graduate of Tanta University, Egypt. He did his PhD. work according to channel Scheme at Strathclyde University, UK. He worked as postdoctoral fellow and visiting professor at many international universities as Pisa University, Gent University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, and Tanta University. Professor Kenawy is a member of editorial board of many international journals. He participated actively in many international conferences. In 2004, he was Abdul Hameed Shoman Award for Young Arab Scientists in Chemistry 2004. the most cited award from Miser El-Kher Foundation, Egypt. In 2014, he was awarded Tanta University Prize. He has more than 110 publications and reviews in international journals. Prof. Kenawy and others from VCU, USA explored for the first time the use of nanofibers for drug delivery applications. Prof. Kenawy has h index 22, and more than 4000 citation. Prof. Kenawy is a member of EGYPTIAN UNIVERSITIES PROMOTION COMMITTEE for Organic Chemistry (2013-2015) and he is the vice president of National committee of Pure and Applied Chemistry in Egypt.
Abstract:
Microbial infection remains one of the most serious complications in several areas. Particularly in medical devices, drugs, health care and hygienic applications, water purification systems, hospital and dental surgery equipment, textiles, food packaging and food storage. Polymeric antibiotics gain interest from both the academic research and industry due to their potential to provide quality and safety benefits to many materials. Low molecular weight antibiotics suffer from so many disadvantages such as toxicity to the environment, and short-term aability and bacterial resistance. To overcome problems associated with the low molecular weight antibiotics, they are prepared by based on polymer molecules. The use of antibiotics based on polymers offers promise for enhancing the efficacy of some existing antibiotics and introducing new antibiotics to the market. The new development prolonging the lifetime of the novel antibiotics. Research concerning the development of the novel antibiotics represents a great a challenge for both academic world and industry. This lecture reviews the state of the art of the novel antibiotics. In particular, it is discussing the requirements of the novel antibiotics, factors affecting their activities, methods of synthesizing them. Some fields of applications and future and perspectives in the field.