Amanda E. Brooks
North Dakota State University, USA
Title: Evaluation of polycaprolactone encapsulated vancomycin for controlled drug delivery from a bone void filling putty
Biography
Biography: Amanda E. Brooks
Abstract
The advent of Total Joint Replacements (TJR), specifically total hip and total knee replacements, has significantly relieved pain and improved quality of life for over a 500,00 Americans per year; however, up to 10% of implants will prove clinically unsuccessful in restoring function and quality of life, requiring a revision procedure to 1) remove the original device and infected bone 2) replace components, and 3) restore lost bone. Although only 1-3% of these initial failures can be attributed to periprosthetic joint infections (PJI), chronic PJI accounts for recurrence rates at revision that skyrocket to a staggering 15-20%. Unfortunately, clinical treatment strategies rely on systemic antibiotic delivery to bone, which is hampered by physiology. Alternatively, implanted local delivery systems such as Antibioitc Eluting Bone Cement provide inadequate pharmacokinetics that inadvertently promote the development of antibiotic resistant bacterial populations. Thus, chronic PJI and the advent of antibiotic resistance could be better addressed by integrating and exploiting local, extended duration antimicrobial delivery directly from malleable osteoconductive bone void filling (BVF) materials. Under these parameters, a resorbable, antibiotic eluting bone void filling putty has been developed and various polymer formulations have been evaluated. By incorporating vancomycin encapsulated in biocompatible and biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles, the duration of effective local vancomycin concentrations released from a patented bone void filling putty can be extended, with the duration of drug release dependent on the ratio of PLA to PGA subunits.