11^th World Drug Delivery Summit

Biography

Biography: Kohsaku Kawakami

Abstract

In addition to biological performances including efficacy and safety, drug candidates must have adequate physicochemical properties such as sufficient aqueous solubility. Physicochemical problems may be overcome by modifying chemical structure of the candidate, by employing salt or cocrystal, or by applying formulation technologies. It must be recognized that increase in solubility with aid of formulation technologies does not necessarily lead to improvement in oral absorption. Great attention has been paid to super saturatable dosage forms such as amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) and nanocrystals, because such solids in energetically higher state frequently has an advantage in enhancing oral absorption unlike simple solubilisation technologies. When ASDs are subjected to dissolution studies, supersaturation relative to the crystalline solubility is frequently created. The true supersaturation is a state where compound is molecularly dissolved at higher concentration than its solubility. Recent observations indicate that the state created after dissolution of ASDs is not in molecularly dissolved supersaturation but includes concentrated dispersed phase, which may be transformed to solid micro/nanoparticles. This phenomenon is what we can observe in the in vitro dissolution study, and the situation in in vivo is not necessarily the same. Self-emulsifying formulations form (micro) emulsions which accommodate poorly soluble drugs in GI tract. The carrier needs to be metabolized in a well-controlled manner for delivering drug molecules across the membrane efficiently. Too stable or too unstable carrier does not improve the absorption. Novel knowledges for understanding absorption behaviors from super-saturatable formulation technologies will be presented with emphasis on prediction of the absorption from in vitro studies.