World Drug Delivery Summit August 17-19, 2015 Houston, USA.

Yang graduated at Shenyang Pharmaceutical University in 1986, after that he became a tutor and then lecturer in China Pharmaceutical University. During the period, he learned basic theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and conducted research in Gifu Pharmaceutical University in Japan as a visiting scholar

We have successfully achieved the preparation of intact solid lipid nano-vesicles that carry active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and upon rehydration form liposomes with controlled drug release capability. To demonstrate this, solid lipid nano-vesicles were prepared by lyophilizing the mixture of liposomes combined with or without ligands such as DSS or CA9, entrapped water-soluble API such as albuterol or siRNA or insulin, mixed with cryo-protectant lactose and a plasticizer glycerol and water. Liposome structure, entrapped API and controlled release capability were retained after lyophilization and rehydration, and the in vivo delivery effectives were confirmed. Since solid lipid nano-vesicles are more adaptable than liposomes or other nanoparticles to a wide variety of APIs and dosage forms, our novel invention allows a much wider usage of liposome technology in numerous pharmaceutical, chemical and biological situations.

Lokesh has completed his masters in pharmacy from Lovely professional University, India and is currently pursuing his PhD in pharmacy from school of pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Canada. The project is funded by Punjab state council for science and technology and Lovely professional University, India as a part of his masters thesis. His current investigation in PhD is on non-viral ocular gene delivery for treating glaucoma.

Liquid self-emulsifying system is prepared by employing quality by design (QbD) using D-optimal mixture design. Solubility of bosentan monohydrate is determined in long chain and medium chain triglycerides, surfactants and co-surfactants. Optimal mixture design is used for setting various levels of constraints for the excipient concentrations in preparing liquid SMEDDS and response surfaces such as globule size, polydispersity index, dissolution efficiency and time for 85% drug release (t85%) are evaluated. Optimized batch containing bosentan monohydrate 62.5mg, capmul MCM (10.38%), labrasol/ cremophor EL 1:1 (56.0%), transcutol P (33.62%) is predicted by the design which is validated by droplet size, PDI, dissolution efficiency and t85% . Solid powder form is prepared by adsorbing liquid SMEDDS onto solid carrier material neusilin US2. In vitro dissolution studies, comparative dissolution profiles of prepared solid SMEDDS and marketed preparation ‘BOSENTAS’ are carried out and reported. Ex vivo permeation study using chicken intestine showed improved permeability up to 0.0649 µg/cm2/min. Droplet morphology and solid state characteristics are determined using TEM, XRD and SEM. Zeta potential of the system was found to be -1.89 mV. Reconstituted S-SMEDDS have droplet size of 77.97 nm compared to liquid SMEDDS droplet size 47.00 nm. TEM images revealed the spherical shape and least globule size while XRD peaks reveal the transformation of crystalline polymorph A2 state of drug to amorphous state in S-SMEDDS. SEM images validate the integrity in shape. This study demonstrates a strategic way for development of S-SMEDDS to a drug with low solubility by QbD approach.

May S Freag completed her Master degree at the age of 25 years from Alexandria University. She has published 2 papers on drug delivery in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Aloe-emodin (AE) is a herbal drug with potential anticancer activity against many tumors. However, its hydrophobicity handicaps its efficient parenteral administration for chemotherapy. PEGylated Monoolein-based liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs) of AE were first fabricated for enhanced water solubility and anti-tumoractivity.Optimization of various factors was performed based on particle size (PS) and zeta potential (ZP). Phase behaviour and physicochemical properties were characterized through polarized light microscopy, TEM, DSC, IR and XRD. Potential of PEGylation to reduce hemolytic toxicity of Monoolein was also assessed. Serum stability of LCNPs was evaluated in fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake studies were assessed on MCF-7cell line. The fabricated PEGylated LCNPs showed PS of 190 nm ± 3.13 and ZP of -49.9±0.9 mV. PEGylation strategy could reduce MO hemolysis from 50% ±4.34 to 3%±1.04, and increase LCNPs stability. IC50 for AE-LCNPs was 3.18 and 4.3 folds lower compared to free AE after 24 and 48 hr, respectively. The cellular uptake of AE in LCNPs was about 3.21 folds higher than free AE after 24 hr incubation. In conclusion, PEGylated LCNPs could successfully enhance solubility, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of AE and increase MO hemocompatibility, serving as a promising nanocarrier for efficient parenteral delivery of AE in cancer therapy.

Mami Hamori was born in Japan in 1977. She currently is a PhD student in Japan of Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts (Department of Biopharmaceutics). Her research interests focus on the drug delivery systems using nano-fibers.

In this study, we described an application of the solvent-based electrospinning (ES) method, which is mainly employed in the textile industry, to the field of pharmaceutics. Using a modified ES instrument, nano-fiber sheet including acetaminophen (AAP, a model drug) was prepared. Where, methacrylic acid copolymer S (MAC) was used as a base polymer to produce nano-fiber, and then three types of tablets were prepared and evaluated pharmaceutically. By attaching a conductor-rod made from stainless steel to the central part of nano-fiber-collection plate of the ES apparatus, MAC nano-fiber sheet with or without AAP could be produced effectively. In vitro release profiles of AAP from a tablet prepared by MAC nano-fiber with AAP (NFT), a tablet prepared by absorbing AAP to drug free MAC nano-fiber (NFTfree) and a tablet prepared by semi-absorbing AAP to MAC nano-fiber (NFTsemi) showed controlled release aspects of AAP as compared to a conventional physical mixture. Moreover, these tablets showed pH and compressed force dependent release profiles of AAP. In vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats after intraduodenal administration of these tablets including MAC nano-fiber clearly demonstrated that application of nano-fibrotic technique based on the ES method is useful one to expand drug delivery system. Moreover, tableting of MAC nano-fibers can be performed using a tableting machine without lubricants, and addition of Tween 20 into the nano-fiber enabled regulation of the release profile of AAP. Thus, the ES method reported here is a useful technique for the controlled-release of drugs and has wide-ranging potential for pharmaceutical applications.

Conditions to be equipped this drug is to ensure safety and efficacy. Safety and efficacy with respect to the materials developed as a means for securing to secure the development of a method through the preclinical studies and clinical trials, and then a method of securing to ensure the quality of the commercial product.The former is a secure time already developed the inherent property of the material, the latter manages to establish whether a suitable gauge by means of commercially available products for quality assurance standards to maintain the quality of a certain level. In this regard, there are three raw material components(pregabalin, p-aminophenol, L-cystein) for use as a reference standard with respect to the raw materials and the method for evaluation of the impurity components of the raw meal to determine the material through optical analysis. In addition, a review of whether to perform Mass Balance method (volatile impurities, inorganic impurities, purity analysis reflects the organic impurity content measurements) the amount of the check for the results of the Republic of Korea Pharmacopeia, USP and EP standards of quality cross after three or more organizations the reliability is verified by performing a high-quality verification methods (statistical analysis) to verify the quality. Therefore, in this study were confirmed by the quality assurance with respect to the ingredients and contents in the raw materials of the three, is ensuring the safety and efficacy in pharmaceutical companies plan to be used with confidence. Import through which the standard is expected to be able to replace.

Rong Wang has completed his PhD at the age of 34 years from Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science and postdoctoral studies from Military Medical Science Academy of the PLA in Beijing. He is the director of Key Laboratory of the plateau of the environmental damage control, Lanzhou Geneal Hospital. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as reviewer board member of repute

Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a dangerous hypoxic illness that can affect humans who rapidly reach a high altitude above 3000 m. The study was conducted to investigate the changes of cytokines in high altitude injury, and as the prevention drug of acute mountain illness, how the acetazolamide influenced the cytokines in rats exposed to high altitude hypoxia environment. Wistar rats were divided into control (Control), high altitude hypoxia (HH), and high altitude hypoxia + acetazolamide (22.33mg·kg-1, Bid) (HA) group. The rats were acute exposed to high altitude at 4300 m for 3 days. The rats in the HA group were given acetazolamide in intragastric administration way. The other rats were given equal volume saline. The results showed that high altitude hypoxia caused the enlargement of heart, liver and lung damage. Supplementation with acetazolamide significantly alleviated hypoxia-caused damage to the main organs. Compared with the HH group, the Biochemical and blood gas indicators of the HA group changed little difference, while some cytokines have significantly changed, such as activin A, ICAM-1, IL-1 alpha, IL-2, L-selectin, MCP-1, MIP-3 alpha and TIMP-1. Then, the protein and mRNA content of pro-inflammatory cytokines MCP-1, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ in rat lung were detected. Our study demonstrated that the high altitude environment affected the body's Physiological and Biochemical Parameters, while effect of acetazolamide did not change the body's Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of the hypoxia rats. This study found that acetazolamide could decrease the content of MCP-1, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ in rat lungs, and the lung injury in the HA group reduced. The mechanism of acetazolamide might be related to changes in cytokine content. The reducing of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in rat lung might be help for against the acute mountain sickness.

Abdul Aleem Mohammed completed M.Pharm (Ph.D.) from R.G.U.H.S Bangalore India, during the year 2006 worked at J.N.T.University and OSMANIA University (INDIA) as an Assistant Professor for 5 years. Currently working as Assistant Professor in Najran University K.S.A. since 2012. Having Research Publications in various National and International Journals. Did research presentations in various national level seminars, workshops and conferences during academic carrier. Attended various quality improvement programs, national level seminars, workshops and conferences to improve academic interest

Lafutidine a newly developed second generation histamine H2-receptor antagonist with its selective absorption from upper part of gastrointestinal tract and a biological half-life of 1.92± 0.94h makes it a suitable candidate for the development of gastroretentive sustained release drug delivery system in order to enhance the bioavailability. The present work explored the development of multiple unit type oral floating microspheres using Eudragit S-100 as a polymer by solvent evaporation method. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for the micromeritic properties, floating behavior, entrapment efficiency, drug release kinetics and X-ray radiographic studies. The microspheres showed good flow properties and the particle size ranging from 51.72 ± 3.01 to 92.43 ± 5.34 µm. Scanning electron microscopy showed spherical size with porous surface. The entrapment efficiency was found to be 56.05± 5.46 to 78.56± 3.17. Floating microspheres showed good buoyancy (65.12± 3.57 to 94.23± 3.6) up to 20 hrs. X-ray radiographic studies also proved better retention in the stomach. Thus, it may be useful for prolonged drug release in stomach to improve the bioavailability and reduced dosing frequency.

My name is Claudia Luengo Alonso and I was born in 1987 in León (Spain). I got graduated in Pharmacy by the University Complutense of Madrid in 2010 and then I performed a Master in Pharmaceutical Technology (2010-2011). In 2009, I began my research activity in the department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology (UCM) with an “initiation in research” grant. In December 2011, I got a 4-years grant from the Ministry of Education of Spain to perform the PhD (2011-2015). Nowadays, I am finishing my PhD and working in close collaboration with Professor Caliceti research group in Italy (I have worked there for the last year).

Dr. Mukesh Patel is Associate Professor of Shri B M Shah College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modasa & affiliated with Gujarat Technological University,Ahmadabad. He received a B.Pharm degree in Pharmacy from Dr.Babasaheb Ambedker Marathwada University, Aurangabad and the M.Pharm in Amravati University, Maharashtra and Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Science from the North Gujarat University. He received awards/grants from AICTE, DST for carried out the research project. His research interests include Novel drug delivery using active enhancement strategies and multiparticulate drug delivery. He authored and co-authored publications and presentations related to drug delivery. He has published more than 25 publications and over 10 presentations in national/international conferences. He is also serving as a reviewer poster abstract in AAPS and reviewer for several peer reviewed scientific journals.

Objectives: The purpose of this research work was to design and evaluation of a stable reconstitutable Sustained release suspension for pediatric and geriatric patients using spray drying techniques. Linezolid is the drug of choice in treatment of infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria. Experimental work: The microcapsules were prepared by spray drying method. Drug loaded microcapsule were prepared using Eudragit RS & RL100 and ethyl cellulose in three different polymer ratio. The influence of the drug to polymer ratio and feed flow rate was studied on the properties of microcapsule using a 32factorial design. The drug to polymer ratio (X1) and feed flow rate (X2) were selected as independent variable and percentage yield, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, Q6, Q8, t90% were selected as dependent variables. Regression analysis and ANOVA were performed for dependent variables. Dissolution data were fitted to various kinetic models on drug release of microcapsule. The prepared SR suspensions were evaluated for flow properties, determination of rheological and sedimentation behavior. From the factorial batches, optimize batch of microcapsules were used for preparation of reconstitutable SR suspension using various suitable suspending agents. Accelerator stability study of reconstitutable SR suspension was performed as per ICH guideline. Results and Discussion: From the study of the preliminary and factorial batches, all the physical characteristics of microcapsules are in acceptable range. Results was clearly indicated that drug to polymer ratio and feed flow rate had significant influence on percentage yield, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, Q6, Q8, t90, Diffusion coefficient (n) and Release rate constant (k). Form the study, the optimized formulation (S3) showed 99.12% drug release at the end of 12 hrs with drug to polymer ratio (1:1.3) and feed flow rate (5 ml/min) respectively for obtaining the higher percentage of yield, maximum encapsulation efficiency, Particle size of microcapsules which is found to be 87.82%, 99.07% and 16.06µm consequently. SEM showed that microcapsules were spherical with smooth surface. The dissolution profile of optimize batch exhibits similarity factor (f2=82.35) and dissimilarity factor (f1=2.90) with theoretical release profile of linezolid. Microcapsule prepared with 1:1.3 drug to polymer ratio were selected for SR suspension formulations since they have higher loading efficiency and suitable micromeritic properties to disperse in aqueous medium. Results reported the release profiles of suspension prepared from microcapsules had no significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in CPR for sustained release suspension on 1day & after 15days which indicates the suspension stability. Results clearly revealed that drug release studies of SR suspension formulation did not show any statistically significant differences (P>0.05) from the properties of microcapsule alone. Conclusion: It was concluded that the type of polymer and feed solution of the spray dryer had a major impact on the in vitro release of drug from microcapsules and suspensions and it can be precise dosing of drug, suitable for pediatric and geriatric as SR Suspension formulation.

Hamad A. Al-Lohedan has more than 36 years of extremely active and productive career in the field of surfactant and polymer chemistry. After finishing his M.Sc. in Organic Chemistry in 1979 from University of California, USA, he joined research and obtained Ph.D degree from the same University in 1981. He worked in the field of physical organic chemistry involving the role of surfactant on the rate of organic reactions. His current research interests include drug delivery formulations using biocompatible substances, drug-protein interactions, nanomaterials synthesis, corrosion inhibition by surfactants. He has authored more than 120 research publications.

In this work we have extracted sporopollenin macroporous capsules (SMC) from dates palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) spores which were further coated by natural polymer composites (chitosan with gluteraldehyde). The polymer coated capsules were used in the in vitro controlled delivery of ibuprofen. Characterization of the materials were performed by SEM, XRD and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isothermes together with spectral and thermal analyses. Effect of various factors such as pH, temperature and inital concentration was seen on the ibuprofen releasing. The loading of ibuprofen increased with decreasing its concentration and follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. pH 6.0 was found to be most favorable pH for the loading of ibuprofen at which 97.2% (50 mg/ml) drug was loaded to the capsules. The release of ibuprofen was faster when the pH was changed from 1.4 to 7.4. Cytotoxicity results of SMC and its capsules were also tested against human intestinal Caco-2 cell line using MTT assay which have shown that all the materials in the study were biocompatible

Onyeka Damianfranklin Okolie is completing his Ph.D from Central University of Technology, Department Of Health Science, Bio Medical Technology South Africa he has published five papers in reputed journals.

The screening for active compounds from plants leads to the discovery of new medicinal drugs which have efficient protection and treatment roles against various diseases including cancer. In this study, methanol and dichloromethane extracts from the roots of Asparagus africanus Lam. were tested against breast (MCF7), colon (HCT116) and prostate (PC3) cancer cell lines. Etoposide was used as a positive control. Total growth inhibition (TGI) of the cancer cells using the sulforhodamine B assay was determined to classify the extracts as inactive, weak, moderate or potent. And also the phytochemical properties of this plant were examined using quantitative method. The plant possesses some phytochemical constituents that show positive result, which give more questions to this research work. A. africanus extracts were inactive (TGI > 50 µg/ml) against all the cell lines. The phytochemical screening of this plant shows positive result, which thereby raise questions for this plant to be tested with other type of cancer cell lines. However these results were inconclusive because the positive control was also inactive. More screening of the extracts with other cell lines and other positive standards may produce different results.

Dr. Omoruyi Idemudia is a post-doctoral fellow. He received the prestigious NRF/SIF innovation PDF award in 2014 and he is with the University of Fort Hare, South Africa. He obtained his BSc. Hons degree in Industrial Chemistry at the University of Benin, Nigeria. His research has involved but not restricted to the synthesis of compounds/materials with novel properties, their coordination with metal ions, identification and their biological studies. Omoruyi has co-authored over 15 research publications and several conferences (international/national) attendance to his credit. He is married and looks forward to a career in academia with an emphasis in R&D.

With the emergence of therapeutic drugs limitations such as disease resistance to them and their toxicity effects among others, synthetic, medicinal, inorganic/coordination chemists have been interested in the development of new chemical molecules with novel properties (chemical and biological), having broad spectrum therapeutic activities. Compounds containing metal centers have been employed for many years as therapeutic agents because of their biological activities, as such these new organic/inorganic compounds are been coordinated with metal ions in an effort to increase their potency. Acylpyrazolones have been employed as pharmaceuticals as well as analytical reagent and their application as coordination complexes with transition metals ion have attracted a lot of research attention. Via a condensation reaction amines they form a more chelating and superior group of compounds known as Schiff bases.Presented herein, in continuation of our studies on new potential biological agents, their effect on coordination with metal ions and a look at drugs combination therapy approach, is the synthesis of 4-propyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one thiosemicarbazone and 4-propyl-3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one methylthisemicarbazone as well as their cobalt complexes. They have been structurally characterized by means of analytical, spectroscopic thermogravimetric analysis, as well as x-ray crystallography. Both ligands act as a tridentate ONS molecule, forming a tetrahedral geometry, on coordinating with cobalt ion. Potential therapeutic agents have been identified in this study via the agar well diffusion technique and serial dilution method in triplicates, as complexes shows varying antibacterial activities against selected bacterial isolates.Concentration dependent MIC values showed that the metal complexes are more active than the ligands. The antioxidant study of the synthesized compounds are ongoing as they are proposed anticancer candidates.

Dr. Ravi Patel has completed his PhD at the age of 28 years from Jodhpur National University. He is the Associate Professor and Head of Department of Pharmaceutics in Sharda School of Pharmacy, Pethapur. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of reputed journals

Background: Cyclosporine (CsA), a neutral hydrophobic cyclic peptide composed of 11 amino acid residues, is a 3rd generation immunosuppressant that has been used successfully in organ transplantation in humans since 1981. The aqueous solubility of CsA is very low i.e. 27.67 g/ml at 25C because of which its oral bioavailability from its conventional dosage forms is very low and it displays a considerable inter and intra patient variability presumably due its poor and highly bile dependent absorption as well as intestinal metabolism, hence it requires careful monitoring of blood levels. Aim: To formulate and evaluate the nanosuspensions of cyclosporine Method: Formulation development of Nanosuspension was done by trial and error method by different methods viz solvent evaporation, high pressure homogenization and media milling. Results: Solvent evaporation method gave a particle size of 1120nm with 2.52%w/w of polyethylene glycol in dichloromethane, high pressure homogenizer method resulted a particle size of 1026nm with 2.52%w/w of polyethylene glycol while media milling method gave a best particle size of 269.7 nm with 2.52%w/w of of propylene glycol. Based on these results media milling method was selected for further studies. Discussion: The problem occurred in solvent evaporation method was that after the evaporation of solvent and during the addition of wetting agent in the drug solution the separation of particles were observed during stirring and small clumps were seen. In the case of high pressure homogenization, it was observed that after completion of the two cycles there is blockage of the suspension in the piston gap. So to avoid damage to instrument and due to blockage of suspension this method was not considered. Media milling method was selected. With the help of different wetting agents (polyethylene glycol 4000, polyethylene glycol 6000) and the stabilizers (poloxomer 407, poloxomer 188) different trials were taken and the nanosuspensions were prepared. But here problems were observed due to sedimentation. The particle size was reduced but after 24 hours it showed sedimentation of 20-30% solids at the bottom. So to reduce this two other trials were taken with the help of propylene glycol and different wetting agents and surfactants there was no sedimentation and desired particle size was also achieved. Conclusions: the nanosuspensions prepared with polaxomer 407 which acts as a stabilizer and propylene glycol which is a surfactant provided the particle size below 500 nm.

Mohammed Kaleemullah is Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology University of Science Malaysia.He has published five papers in reputed journals.

The purpose of the present research was to design a gastroretentive dosage form based on floating and swelling principles that would enhance the bioavailability of sulpiride, a drug with a narrow absorption window in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Gastroretentive tablets were prepared by direct compression method, using various amount of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) as release retarding agents, citric acid and sodium bicarbonate as floating agents, and crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium and super porous hydrogel as swelling agents. The gastroretentive formulations were evaluated for physical characteristics, in vitro drug release, floating lag time, floating duration and swelling index. Formulation containing a combination of PEO-HPMC at 1:3 ratio was able to extend the drug release up to 24 hr and had the swelling index of 334.70%. Moreover, the addition of 10 mg of citric acid and 50 mg of sodium bicarbonate to the formulation achieved in vitro floating for 24 hr and 266 sec floating lag time. Furthermore, the addition of the croscarmellose sodium-superporous hydrogel combination (1:1 ratio) to the formulation yielded optimized formulation (F34) with the characteristics of high swelling index (823 %), sustained drug release up to 24 hr following first order release kinetic, floating for more than 24 hr, floating lag time less than one minute and stable for one year at 300C/65% RH. The optimized formulation (F34) consisted of sulpiride (11%), PEO (11%), HPMC (32%), croscarmellose sodium (16%), super porous hydrogel (16%), citric acid (2%) and sodium bicarbonate (11%). An isocratic HPLC-florescence method was validated for determination of sulpiride in rabbit plasma. The in vivo performance of the optimized gastroretentive formulation (F34) was evaluated in rabbits in comparison with a non-gastroretentive reference product (Dogmatil® capsule). The study was performed using a randomized, two-way crossover design. The optimized gastroretentive formulation (F34) showed a higher Tmax and AUC values but lower Cmax value than the non-gastroretentive reference product. In addition, the amount of drug released in vitro was correlated with the amount of drug absorbed in vivo. In conclusion, the bioavailability of sulpiride increased by 2.20 folds when formulated as gastroretentive dosage form compared to the non-gastroretentive reference product (Dogmatil® capsule).

Omeprazole is drug which is used for treating certain stomach and esophagus problems (such as acid reflux, ulcers stomach) and reducing stomach acid. Its half-life is 1 to 5 hours and patients who suffering from liver disease could not use this drug. Side effects of omeprazole are diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite and etc. The aim of this research is the decreasing side effects of omeprazole by encapsulation technique. Therefore chitosan was used as drug carrier due to biocompatibility, easy digestible, non-toxic, highly absorption, healing abilities and bioavailability. Then, the solution with 2 mg/ml chitosan concentration was solved in various concentration of acetic acid (0.5%, 1%, 2%). In the second step, the solution of 1 mg/ml TPP was added (drop by drop) into chitosan and was placed on stirrer for 2 hours. Milky suspension was a result of the capsules formation. Suspension deposition by centrifuge was separate and was dried for conjugating drug with chitosan. Finally, amount of OD was measured by spectrophotometer and encapsulation efficiency, in different percentages of acid (0.5%, 1%, 2%), were respectively 66%, 96%, 56%. calculated. The result of FT-IR spectroscopy showed the drug Omeprazole was conjugated with chitosan. Also, the best encapsulation efficiency percent was in 1% acid.

Rajeev Sharma is Discipline of Drug Delivery Research Laboratory,India he has published five papers in reputed journals.

The aim of the present study was to prepare Con A anchored PEGylated PCL nanoparticles and considers their potential as mucosal adjuvants for vaccines. Attempt was made to maximize the therapeutic effectiveness of Immunogens (HBSag antigen) by incorporating it in Concanavalin A anchored PEGylated nanoconstructs. Con A anchored PEGylated PCL {Poly €- caprolactone} diblock copolymer was synthesized by single step surface functionalization method with some modifications and characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectral analysis that confirmed the synthesis. Nanoparticles were prepared by Modified Double Emulsion Solvent Evaporation technique and characterized for mean size and distribution by laser diffraction spectroscopy while external morphology and shape was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optimum particle size, entrapment efficiency, polydispersity index and zeta potential were found to be 186.3±4.5 nm, 46.6±3.5%, 0.15±0.04 and -25.6±1.68, respectively. Encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release were determined by bicinchoninic protein assay (BCA). In vivo studies were performed against albino rats via antibody titer value estimation. Nano-encapsulated immunogens in CPP nanoparticles was found to be enhance significantly the systemic, local and cell-mediated immune responses.

Shashank Tummala is Faculy of Pharmaceutical sciences at JSS College of Pharmacy, India. He has published five papers in reputed journals.

5-Fluorouracil is used in the treatment of colorectal cancer along with oxaliplatin as first line treatment, but it is still having lack of site specificity and poor therapeutic effect. Apart from that it exhibits toxic effects to healthy cells and decrease the drug availability at colon region. These limitations were overcomed by formulating them as enteric- coated chitosan polymeric nanoparticles as drug can be delivered directly to large bowel. The main reason for opting for enteric coating is due to its protection of drug at gastric pH. So the main objective was to prepare polymeric nanoparticles using chitosan with different ratios of polymer (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4) by solvent evaporation emulsification method. It was then characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), entrapment efficiency and particle size and further subjected to enteric coating. Dialysis bag technique was selected to determine drug in vitro release using various simulated fluids with pH (1.2, 4.5, 7.5, 7.0) to mimic the GIT tract. 5-FU nanoparticles with drug: polymer ratio of 1:2 and 1:3 has shown better particle size (149 ±1.28 nm and 138± 1.01 nm respectively), entrapment efficiency (48.12± 0.08% and 69.18± 1.89 respectively). Comparative approach with non-enteric coated tablets shows a better drug release for 5-FU E1 after 4 h (initial burst release) followed by sustained release of 82% till 24h, where as non enteric coated tablet released more than half the amount of the drug before reaching the colon area. So, these results conclude the usage of prepared nanoparticles as a potential drug delivery approach for the treatment of colorectal tumors.

Omeprazole is drug to treat benign Stomach ulcer (gastric ulcer) which is used for reducing stomach acid, and preventing short-term returns of stomach contents back to esophagus. In fact, this drug is one of the derivatives of benzimidazole, that by restraining Hydrogen potassium ATPase (ATPase/H+/K+) pump, is caused the restrain of acid production in stomach. This drug should be used in cautions, in suffering patients or patients with records of Chronic liver disease. Omeprazole side effects include Diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain and loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. Moreover, the drug’s absorption is rapid and its metabolism is hepatic (excretes through the kidneys). Also, half-life of drug is 1 to 5 hours. The aim of this research is the reducing Omeprazole side effects and increasing its duration. To this end, liposome was selected as drug carriers. Because, liposomes play an important role in drug delivery systems due to Biocompatibility, Biodegradation, capability of trapping drugs (Hydrophilic or hydrophobic) and its releasing in specific locations. In this research was used Bingham method for preparation of liposomal carries and was mixed the drug with cholesterol and phosphotidylcholine in the first solvent (ethanol). Ethanol was evaporated by Rotary, then, for creating liposome was added second solvent and the drug’s Optical Density (OD) was measured in spectrophotometer. Also, for evaluating nanocapsule morphology and size was used device SEM. Finally, encapsulate efficiency percent (EE %) was calculated by diluting drug and standard curve. Encapsulate efficiency percent was about %87. So it can be said, encapsulating Omeprazole can decrease side effects and loss of drug. More over liposomal nano-carriers are increasing the duration time of drug in body.

Sunday Abali is Faculy of Pharmaceutical sciences at University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria He has published five papers in reputed journals.

The study is aimed at comparatively evaluating the in vitro release kinetics of diclofenac sodium from complex coacervates of Irvingia gabonensis and acacia gums and gelatin gum using mathematical models. Pre-optimized coacervates and physical admixtures of irvingia / gelatin gums and acacia / gelatin gums were formed at different ratio strengths of 1:2 and 2:1 respectively. Some amounts of the coacervates and physical admixtures equivalent to 500 mg diclofenac sodium were filled into separate hard gelatin capsules. The release profiles of diclofenac sodium from these hard capsule devices were determined spectrophotometrically. The release profiles were compared for similarity by applying the FDA Æ’2 statistic. The in vitro release mechanisms and kinetics were determined by analysis with models like Korsmeyer-Peppas, zero order, first order, Higuchi and Hixon-Crowell Cube-root release models. Results showed that the physical admixtures had their maximum drug release within four hours while the complex coacervates had sustained drug release for more than six hours. The complex coacervates had similar release profiles but their mechanisms of drug release were different and kinetics of drug release followed different mathematical models.